[TIL] 20201030 How to Git

youtu.be/SWYqp7iY_Tc

* Contents below are summary of the video above.

 

What is Git?

- Version Control System (VCS) for tracking changes in computer files

- Created in 2005 by Linus Torvalds, creator of Linux

- Distributed version control : de-centralized (developers don't have to be in the same network)

- Coordinates work between multiple developers

- Who made what changes and when

- Revert back at any time, as long as it's commited

- Have Local & remote repository

 

 

Concepts of Git

- Keeps track of code history

- Takes "snapshots" of your files

- You decide when to take a snapshot by making a "commit"

- You can visit any snapshot at any time

- You can stage files before committing

 

 

How to start Git

1. $ git init

2. $ git config --global user.name 'name'

3. $ git config --global user.email 'email'

4. $ git add <file>   // run after modifying & saving the file

5. $ git commit

 

** save the file -> add -> commit -> push

 

 

How to make Git ignore certain files

1. $ git touch .gitignore

2. Type the file name that you want to ignore in the file .gitignore

3. $ git add .gitignore

 

** To ignore a folder, type /foldername

** To ignore all txt files, type *.txt

 

 

 

BASIC COMMANDS

LOCAL

 

$ git init 

 

// initialize local Git Repository

// Creates .git folder, hidden by default

// After initializing, can start running other commands

$ git add <file>

 

// Add file(s) to Index (staging area)

// File(s) get ready for commands

// Can run as many times as you need to before committing

 

$ git add .html   // Add every html files

$ git add .       // Add all the files in the folder

$ git status 

 

// Check status of working tree

// See what's in the staging area

// Display differences between the working tree and the staging area (index)

$ git commit

 

// Commit changes in index

// Take everything in the index(staging area) and put it into the local repository

 

$ git commit -m 'comment'   // Skip editing commit part

$ git touch <file> 

// Create the file in the current index (folder)

$ git config --global user.name 'name'

// Add my name

 

$ git config --global user.email 'email'

// Add my email

 

$ git rm --cached <file> 

// Remove the file from Git

 

$ clear 

// Clear the console

$ git branch <branchName> 

// Create a branch

 

$ git checkout <branchName>

// Switch to another branch

// Make sure to commit everything before switching

 

$ git merge <branch>

// Merge the branch to current branch

 

REMOTE REPOSITORIES

 

$ git push 

 

// Push to remote repository

// Take local repository and push it to a remote repository (i.e. github)

// Have to add a remote service and credentials in advance

 

$ git push -u origin master

// Push to remote repository for the first time

$ git pull 

// Pull latest from remote repository

 

$ git clone

// Clone repository into a new directory

 

$ git remote

// Shows all the remote repositories

 

$ git remote add origin <remote repository address>

// Address can be found @github